One-Way ANOVA

The simplest type of the analysis of variance is that known as one-way ANOVA, in which only one source of variation, or factor, is investigated. It is an extension to three or more samples of the t-test procedure for use with two independent samples. We can say that the t test for use with two independent samples is a special case of one-way ANOVA.
In a typical situation we want to use one-way ANOVA to test the null hypothesis that three or more treatments are equally effective. The necessary experiment is designed in such a way that the treatments of intrest are assigned completely at random to the subjects or objects on which the measurements to determine treatment effectiveness are to be made. For this reason design is called completely randomized experimental design.